Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) System 🌍💧
Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) is an advanced wastewater treatment process designed to eliminate liquid waste by recovering and reusing nearly all water while converting pollutants into solid waste. It is widely used in industries to comply with strict environmental regulations and reduce water consumption.
Key Components of a ZLD System
1. Pre-Treatment
- Coagulation & Flocculation: Removes suspended solids and organic matter.
- Filtration: Sand and activated carbon filters remove fine particles and impurities.
- Softening: Prevents scaling in downstream processes.
2. Reverse Osmosis (RO) System
- Removes up to 90% of dissolved salts and contaminants.
- Produces clean water for reuse while concentrating the brine.
3. Evaporation & Crystallization
- Brine Concentrator (Mechanical Vapor Recompression – MVR or Multi-Effect Evaporator – MEE):
- Further reduces water content from RO reject.
- Crystallizer:
- Converts the remaining concentrated brine into solid waste for disposal or reuse.
4. Solid Waste Management
- The final waste is collected as dry salt or sludge for proper disposal or industrial reuse.
Applications of ZLD
✅ Power Plants (Boiler feed & cooling tower blowdown treatment)
✅ Pharmaceutical & Chemical Industries (Reduces hazardous waste discharge)
✅ Textile & Dyeing Units (Treats high-TDS and color-laden wastewater)
✅ Oil & Gas / Petrochemicals (Removes heavy metals & hydrocarbons)
✅ Mining & Metallurgy (Extracts valuable minerals from wastewater)
Benefits of ZLD
✔ 100% Water Recovery & Reuse ♻
✔ Zero Liquid Discharge into the Environment 🌱
✔ Regulatory Compliance (CPCB, EPA, etc.)
✔ Reduces Freshwater Consumption 🚰
✔ Recover Valuable Byproducts (Salt, Chemicals, etc.)
Would you like assistance in designing a ZLD system, selecting technology, or cost estimation? 🔧💡